Risk Assessment for Chemical Spills in the River Rhine
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Published:01 Jul 2013
P. Eckert, S. Kamphausen, H. Rohns, and C. Wagner, in Water Contamination Emergencies: Managing the Threats, ed. U. Borchers, J. Gray, K. C. Thompson, K. C. Thompson, U. Borchers, and J. Gray, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013, pp. 180-186.
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Riverbank filtration (RBF) is a well proven treatment which, at numerous sites, is part of a multi barrier concept in drinking water supply. In Düsseldorf, for instance, bank filtrate has been discharged from wells close to the bank of the Rhine since 1870. RBF is a process during which surface water is subjected to subsurface flow prior to extraction from vertical or horizontal wells. From a water resources perspective, RBF is characterised by an improvement in water quality, which in general is based on a combination sorptive‐filtration and biodegradation.
