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Polymers functionalized with phosphonic acids enable both intrinsic and water-assisted proton conductivity and are thus attractive for use as electrolyte materials in electrochemical devices. In the present chapter we critically discuss different synthetic strategies to prepare phosphonated polymers and membranes and their properties for use in fuel cells. These strategies include chemical modifications of pre-polymers and direct polymerizations using phosphonated monomers. Finally, we point out some future possibilities with this interesting class of materials.

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