Betaine: Chemistry, Analysis, Function and Effects
Betaine is widely distributed in plants and animals and has a role as an osmolyte and as a cofactor in methylation in liver metabolism. It has been shown to protect internal organs, improve vascular risk factors and enhance performance. The growing body of evidence shows that betaine is an important nutrient for the prevention of chronic disease. This volume surveys the current state of play in these and other areas of interest, including its role in one-carbon metabolism, tissue biochemistry and interactions with folate and other biomolecules. The analysis of betaines using different techniques is covered, as is the function and effects in the body.
Written by an expert international team, this book provides a fascinating insight for those with an interest in the effects of betaine on health and the diet. It will appeal across disciplines but specifically to nutritional and food scientists, health professionals and researchers.
Betaine: Chemistry, Analysis, Function and Effects, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015.
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CHAPTER 1: Betaine in Contextp3-8ByVinood B. Patel;Vinood B. PatelDepartment of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Westminster115 New Cavendish StreetLondonW1W 6UWUK[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Kosha MehtaKosha MehtaDepartment of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Westminster115 New Cavendish StreetLondonW1W 6UWUK[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 2: Betaine in Sugar Beetp9-28ByTeruhiro Takabe;Teruhiro TakabeResearch Institute, Meijo University1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-kuNagoyaAichi 468-8502Japan[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Yoshito Tanaka;Yoshito TanakaGraduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-kuNagoyaAichi 468-8502JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Tetsuko TakabeTetsuko TakabeResearch Institute, Meijo University1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-kuNagoyaAichi 468-8502Japan[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 3: Betaine in Food Plants: A Focus on Synthesis and Contentp29-44ByRosario A. Muñoz-ClaresRosario A. Muñoz-ClaresDepartamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria04510México D.F.México[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 4: The Chemistry of Betainep47-61ByPanteleimon G. Takis;Panteleimon G. TakisDepartment of Biological Applications and Technology, University of IoanninaGR–451 10 IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Konstantinos D. Papavasileiou;Konstantinos D. PapavasileiouDepartment of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of IoanninaGR–451 10 IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Anastassios N. Troganis;Anastassios N. TroganisDepartment of Biological Applications and Technology, University of IoanninaGR–451 10 IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Vasilios S. MelissasVasilios S. MelissasDepartment of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of IoanninaGR–451 10 IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 5: Chemical Interactions of Betaine with Folate and Other Biomoleculesp62-75ByMichael R. Duff Jr;Michael R. Duff JrBiochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, University of Tennessee1414 Cumberland AvenueKnoxvilleTN 37996-0840USA[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Elizabeth E. HowellElizabeth E. HowellBiochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Department, University of Tennessee1414 Cumberland AvenueKnoxvilleTN 37996-0840USA[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 6: Betaine Uptake with a Focus on the Betaine/GABA Transporterp76-89ByY. Zhou;Y. ZhouThe Neurotransporter Group, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorwaySearch for other works by this author on:S. A. Kempson;S. A. KempsonDepartment of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA[email protected]www.neurotransporter.orgSearch for other works by this author on:N. C. DanboltN. C. DanboltThe Neurotransporter Group, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of OsloOsloNorwaySearch for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 7: Betaine-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferasep90-101ByTimothy A. GarrowTimothy A. GarrowSearch for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 8: Assays of Betaines using 1H NMR Spectroscopyp105-119ByPanteleimon G. Takis;Panteleimon G. TakisDepartment of Biological Applications and Technology, University of IoanninaGR–451 10IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Konstantinos D. Papavasileiou;Konstantinos D. PapavasileiouDepartment of Chemistry, University of IoanninaGR–451 10IoanninaGreeceSearch for other works by this author on:Anastassios N. Troganis;Anastassios N. TroganisDepartment of Biological Applications and Technology, University of IoanninaGR–451 10IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Vasilios S. MelissasVasilios S. MelissasDepartment of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of IoanninaGR–451 10IoanninaGreece[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 9: Determination of Betaines in Vegetable Oils by Capillary Electrophoresis-Ion Trap Mass Spectrometryp120-138ByLaura Sánchez-Hernández;Laura Sánchez-HernándezDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of AlcaláCtra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.60028871Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)Spain[email protected]Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen UniversityBeethovenstraße 173430AalenGermanySearch for other works by this author on:Maria Luisa Marina Alegre;Maria Luisa Marina AlegreDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of AlcaláCtra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.60028871Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)Spain[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Antonio L. Crego NavazoAntonio L. Crego NavazoDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, University of AlcaláCtra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.60028871Alcalá de Henares (Madrid)Spain[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 10: Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Betainep139-158ByJonathan M. Curtis;Jonathan M. CurtisDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta3-60D South Academic BuildingEdmontonABCanada T6G 2P5[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Si MiSi MiDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta3-24 South Academic BuildingEdmontonABCanada T6G 2P5Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 11: Characterization of Betaine from Seedsp159-177ByPriti Patil;Priti PatilDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D. T. Women’s UniversityJuhu CampusJuhu RoadSantacruz(W)Mumbai-400 049India[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Pratima TatkePratima TatkeDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D. T. Women’s UniversityJuhu CampusJuhu RoadSantacruz(W)Mumbai-400 049India[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 12: Occurrence and Analysis of Betaines in Fruitsp178-199ByLuigi Servillo;Luigi ServilloDepartment of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Seconda Università di NapoliVia Luigi De Crecchio 780138 NapoliItaly[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Alfonso Giovane;Alfonso GiovaneDepartment of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Seconda Università di NapoliVia Luigi De Crecchio 780138 NapoliItaly[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Rosario Casale;Rosario CasaleDepartment of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Seconda Università di NapoliVia Luigi De Crecchio 780138 NapoliItaly[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Nunzia D’Onofrio;Nunzia D’OnofrioDepartment of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Seconda Università di NapoliVia Luigi De Crecchio 780138 NapoliItaly[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Giovanna Ferrari;Giovanna FerrariDipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e ProdAL scarl, Università degli Studi di SalernoVia Ponte Don Melillo84084 Fisciano (SA)ItalySearch for other works by this author on:Domenico Cautela;Domenico CautelaStazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA)- Azienda Speciale della Camera di Commercio di Reggio CalabriaVia Tommaso Campanella, 1289127Reggio CalabriaItalySearch for other works by this author on:Domenico Castaldo;Domenico CastaldoMinistero dello Sviluppo Economico (MiSE)Via Molise 200187 RomaItalySearch for other works by this author on:Maria Luisa BalestrieriMaria Luisa BalestrieriDepartment of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Seconda Università di NapoliVia Luigi De Crecchio 780138 NapoliItaly[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 13: Betaine and Metabolic Stress in Different Tissuesp203-221ByKaisa Olli;Kaisa OlliDuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik Active NutritionSokeritehtaantie 20FI-02460KantvikFinland[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Kirsti TiihonenKirsti TiihonenDuPont Nutrition and Health, Kantvik Active NutritionSokeritehtaantie 20FI-02460KantvikFinland[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 14: Beneficial Effects of Betaine on Water-Immersion Restraint Stress-Induced Memory Impairment in Micep222-244ByMasayuki Hiramatsu;Masayuki HiramatsuLaboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503Japan[email protected]Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Yukari Takahashi;Yukari TakahashiLaboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503Japan[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Anna Amano;Anna AmanoDepartment of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Kiwamu Kido;Kiwamu KidoDepartment of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Takuya Matsukura;Takuya MatsukuraDepartment of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Toru Yamanashi;Toru YamanashiDepartment of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Yusuke Kakehi;Yusuke KakehiDepartment of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Toshitaka Nabeshima;Toshitaka NabeshimaDepartment of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503JapanSearch for other works by this author on:Masaya MiwaMasaya MiwaLaboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University150 YagotoyamaTenpaku-kuNagoya 468-8503Japan[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 15: Serum Betaine Concentrations and the Effects of Bariatric Surgeryp245-266ByJulian Swierczynski;Julian SwierczynskiDepartment of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdanskul. Debinki 1, 80-211GdanskPoland[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Areta Hebanowska;Areta HebanowskaDepartment of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdanskul. Debinki 1, 80-211GdanskPoland[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Tomasz SledzinskiTomasz SledzinskiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdanskul. Debinki 1, 80-211GdanskPolandSearch for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 16: Folate and Betaine Interactions during Pregnancyp267-284ByMichelle M. MurphyMichelle M. MurphyArea of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, CIBERobn, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliC/ Sant Llorenç, 2143201 ReusSpain[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 17: Multiple Roles of Betaine in Protecting Against Alcohol- Induced Liver Injuryp285-310ByPaul G. Thomes;Paul G. ThomesResearch Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care SystemOmahaNebraska, 68105USA[email protected]Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraska, 68198USASearch for other works by this author on:Sarah M. Bligh;Sarah M. BlighDepartment of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraska, 68198USASearch for other works by this author on:Kusum K. KharbandaKusum K. KharbandaResearch Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care SystemOmahaNebraska, 68105USA[email protected]Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraska, 68198USADepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraska, 68198USASearch for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 18: Betaine, DNA Methylation and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseasep311-328ByZhu Huilian;Zhu HuilianFaculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus)74 Zhongshan Road IIGuangzhou 510080PR China[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Wang LijunWang LijunFaculty of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus)74 Zhongshan Road IIGuangzhou 510080PR China[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 19: The Beneficial Role of Dietary Betaine in the Suppression of Age-Related Inflammatory NF-κBp329-343ByHae Young Chung;Hae Young ChungMolecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National UniversityGumjung-guBusan 609-735South Korea[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Eun Kyeong Lee;Eun Kyeong LeeMolecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National UniversityGumjung-guBusan 609-735South Korea[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Byung Pal YuByung Pal YuDepartment of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioTX 78229-3900USASearch for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 20: Betaine in Athletic Performance and Body Compositionp344-367ByStuart A. S. CraigStuart A. S. CraigSearch for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 21: Betaine, Osmoprotection, and Health of the Ocular Surface in Dry-Eye Diseasep368-389ByQian Garrett;Qian GarrettSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:Mark D. P. WillcoxMark D. P. WillcoxSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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CHAPTER 22: Betaine and Choline and Cancerp390-417ByJung Eun Lee;Jung Eun LeeDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s UniversityCheongpa-ro 47-gil 100Yongsan-guSeoulSouth KoreaSearch for other works by this author on:Eunyoung ChoEunyoung ChoThe Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University339 Eddy StreetProvidenceRIUSAChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School181 Longwood AvenueBostonMAUSA[email protected]Search for other works by this author on:
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