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Routes to paramagnetic molecular phosphonates and physical studies of these species will be discussed in this chapter. The routes include:

  1. use of co-ligands to solubilize the molecular species and prevent formation of extended lattices

  2. displacement reactions, where phosphonates are reacted with pre-formed metal carboxylate cages

  3. use of very bulky phosphonates to prevent oligomerization

  4. partial condensation of phosphonates with antimonates to restrict the number of oxygen donors available.

These routes have been applied to the 3d-metals from vanadium to copper, and examples with each metal will be discussed. An outline of the magnetic studies thus far reported will also be included.

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