Diagnostic glycotools

The peculiarity of glycans expressed in humans, in both physiologic and pathologic state, and in pathogenic organisms, is unveiling precious information useful for the early detection of cancers, acute and chronic inflammatory states and infections. Indeed, the glycocode dynamism and the wide range of functions covered by glycans are pivotal in the development of the most recent pioneering and effective nanoprobes eligible as ultrasensitive biosensors for multiple diseases, strongly impacting on clinical diagnostic strategies. In this report, the current, forthcoming and potential diagnostic use of glycans, in combination with advanced nanomaterials, is discussed.