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Isolation of Salmonella in food microbiology is accomplished using cultural methods and needs several steps. For this, media for pre-enrichment, selective enrichment, isolation and confirmation have been developed. Several official organisations for standardisation have developed reference methods for the isolation of Salmonella. In general, these use one pre-enrichment medium, one or two different selective enrichment media and two or more isolation media. Finally, presumptive Salmonella colonies are confirmed by biochemical and serological tests. In this chapter the main media used for isolation of Salmonella are reviewed. and some recent developments in culture media for Salmonella are described. Modified pre-enrichment media are sometimes required for specific cases. Modifications include addition of supplements such as antimicrobial compounds, ferrioxamine E or Oxyrase™ to standard media or through the development of new media. For the selective enrichment procedure, motility enrichment in semi-solid media shows equal or better results than the use of the standard liquid selective media. A semi-solid medium has recently been incorporated in an amendment to the International Standard for the detection of Salmonella. New developments try to combine the non-selective pre-enrichment and selective enrichment procedures in one step. Furthermore, chromogenic substrates have become more important in isolation media and new selective agents, such as Inhibigen™, have been developed and used in isolation media.

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