CHAPTER 12: Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane to Ethylene Over Two-dimensional Nanomaterial Catalysts Using CO₂

Currently, significant levels of attention levels are seen in the production of light olefins due to their utilization in many chemical industries. One of the most widely used olefins is ethylene, which is used to synthesize many useful derivatives. Much research has been dedicated to creating newer, more efficient methods for producing ethylene instead of the conventional ones. The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODHE), which reduces the requirement for exaggerated input of internal heat, is considered to be the most attractive substitute method. The use of CO₂ as an oxidant, instead of O₂, provides more moderate exothermic reactions, which aids the stabilization process of ethylene manufacturing. The choice of a stable catalyst with high selectivity and reactivity is challenged in ODHE. The fundamental understanding and progress done in ethylene dehydrogenation, including the use of CO₂, reaction mechanisms, and the nature of active sites are reviewed in this chapter. Various 2D nanomaterial catalysts have been introduced focusing mainly on the different additives and supports that enhance the role of the catalysts clarifying more competitive ones for industrial applications. Finally, a summary of advancing technologies and future research potential regarding catalytic science and oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane is reviewed.