Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructured materials are emerging catalysts for different electrochemical reactions, including water splitting reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction (N₂RR), and CO₂ electrochemical reduction reaction (CO₂RR). This chapter presents the essential fundamental properties of 2D nanostructured materials, and their performances for CO₂RR in terms of product selectivity, catalytic activity, and CO₂RR mechanism. A number of 2D nanomaterials such as graphene, metal nanosheets, metal oxides, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), metal–organic framework thin films, and hybrids compositions are highlighted as a state-of-the-art catalysts towards CO₂RR. This chapter also includes further discussion on different pathways for engineering 2D materials for CO₂RR. Next, the configurations, operating principles and key advantages/disadvantages of different types of electrolyzer used to study CO₂RR are discussed. Finally, challenges and future directions associated with the role of 2D nanocatalysts and electrolyzers for the scale-up of CO₂RR are discussed.