Chapter 15: Socio-economic and Environmental Impacts of Nanofluids

Technological advances aim at improving quality of lives and presenting solutions to problems in society. Research on socio-economic, environmental, health, and accessibility, among other aspects of technologies, particularly new and emerging ones, must accompany scientific research to establish their efficient, safe (health and environment), and fair usage. After the concept of nanofluids was presented in early 1990, many research and commercialization efforts have been put into action to develop new heat transfer fluids to enhance efficiencies of heat exchange and energy systems. This Chapter presents the recent status of nanofluid literature, and systematically discusses them from socio-economic, environmental, health, and accessibility aspects.