Nanofluids are synthesis has increased due to the need for thermal management in modern technology. Traditional cooling fluids are unable to provide the necessary cooling of devices due to their low thermal conductivity. Therefore, particles with high thermal conductivity are added to a fluid to increase the thermal conductivity of the mixture.¹  The nanoparticles used to create nanofluids can be metals, metal oxides, or carbon-based materials such as diamond, graphene, carbon nanotubes, etc.²  Nanoparticles are generally <100 nm in size, but sometimes can form larger clusters in nanofluids.³  Sometimes a surfactant can be added to the nanofluid to prevent clustering and improve dispersion of the nanoparticles. The most common base fluids used to create nanofluids are water, ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol, and various oils.⁴  The increased thermal conductivity of these mixtures leads to improved thermal management. More detail on this can be found in ref. 5.