Chapter 11: Metal–Organic Framework/Enzyme Composites

This chapter provides a comprehensive and useful explanation of the unique properties of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as novel supporting matrices for immobilization, encapsulation, adsorption or protection of enzymes. MOFs have emerged as promising matrices for enzyme stabilization with improved catalytic performance due to their special properties such as highly adjustable porosity, high specific surface area, high pore volume and relatively high physical/chemical stability in the environment around the enzyme. Different methods for preparation of MOF/enzyme composites and various characterization techniques for structure investigations are discussed. Then, the applications of these compounds in the fabrication of biosensors based on enzymatic substrates, biosensors based on MOF/enzyme composites as catalyst systems and biosensors based on activity modulation are reviewed. Furthermore, magnetic MOF/enzyme composites, their preparation methods, their property characterization and their applications are introduced. In summary, despite the many challenges that MOFs provide as new supports for enzyme immobilization, this is a fledgling field that will have great potential for future advancement.