Chapter 6: Agro-wastes for Cost-effective Production of Industrially Important Microbial Enzymes

Agro-industrial litters generally include the trash that is generated during the industrial processing of agricultural or animal products or those obtained from agricultural activities. These mainly comprise materials such as hay, stalk, shoot, greeneries, rind, case, skin, fur, kernel, flesh, pulses or cereals (rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, and barley), bagasse from sugarcane or sweet sorghum milling, spent coffee grounds, brewer’s spent grains, and many others. These wastes are mainly composed of sugars, fibers, proteins, and minerals. Examples of various types of agro-industrial wastes are copiously created round the world from mainly including soybean, corn, rice, sugarcane, cassava, coffee, fruits, etc. These manufactures are answerable for the production of huge quantities of regular remains, such as cassava, sugarcane bagasse, rice husk, and coffee peel. These remains are good bases for renewable energy and can be used as substrates for industrially important products. These agri-wastes can be transformed by microorganisms in culture media for the bio-production of industrially significant principal and minor metabolites, capable of producing enzymes, alcohol, antibiotics, pigments, and many other molecules. This chapter would thus focus on the various types of agro-industrial wastes that are vulnerable to being altered in culture media for bio-production with high benefit, thus backing the globular budget.