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4-NT

4-Nitrotoluene

5-IT

5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole

6:2 FTAB

6:2 Fluorotelomer sulphonamide alkylbetaine

6-MAM

6-Monoacetylmorphine

ABS

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

ACIC

Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission

aDNA

Ancient deoxyribonucleic acid

Ag-LDI

Silver-assisted laser desorption ionisation

AMELX

Amelogenin-X

AMELY

Amelogenin-Y

AMS

Accelerator mass spectrometry

AMT

Alpha-methyltryptamine

ANOR

Alternate non-aqueous organic ratio

AP

Atmospheric pressure

APCI

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

ATS

Amphetamine-type substances

BOD

Biochemical oxygen demand

BSTFA

N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide

BV3

Basic violet 3

BY40

Basic yellow 40

BZE

Benzoylecgonine

CAF

Cyanoacrylate fuming

CAR

Central African Republic

CBD

Cannabidiol

CFSRE

Centre for Forensic Science Research and Education

CI

Chemical ionisation

CID

Collision-induced dissociation

CNS

Central nervous system

COA

Certificate of authenticity

CRM

Certified reference material

CSIs

Crime scene investigators

CWS

Canada’s wastewater survey

Da

Dalton

DADP

Diacetone diperoxide

DART

Direct analysis in real time

dc

Direct current

DDA

Data-dependent acquisition

DDD

Defined daily doses

DEA

Drug Enforcement Agency

DESI

Desorption electrospray ionisation

DI

Desorption ionisation

DIA

Data-independent acquisition

DIMS

Direct infusion mass spectrometry

DMDNB

2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DPA

Diphenylamine

DTRs

Drug target residues

DUID

Driving under the influence of drugs

EA-IRMS

Elemental analysis-isotopic ratio mass spectrometry

EDTA

Etheylenediaminetetraacetic acid

EGDN

Ethylene glycol dinitrate

EI

Electron ionisation

EMCDDA

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction

ENFSI

European Network of Forensic Science Institutes

ESI

Electrospray ionization

ETDs

Explosive trace detectors

EtFOSAA

N-Ethyl-N-[(heptadecafluorooctyl)sulphonyl]glycine

ETN

Erythritol tetranitrate

FDR

False discovery rate

FET

Fingermark enhancement techniques

FID

Flame ionisation detection

FIRMS

Forensic isotopic ratio mass spectrometry network

FORS

Fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy

FPBSA

2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulphonic acid

FRG

Fingermark Research Group

FSP

Forensic science providers

FSR

Forensic science regulator

FSS

Forensic science service

FTIR

Fourier transform infrared

FTIR

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

FTSA

Fluorotelomer sulphonic acid

FVM

Fingermark Visualisation Manual

FWHM

Full-width-half-maximum

GBL

Gamma-butyrolactone

GC–MS

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

GBH

Grievous bodily harm

GHB

Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid

GSR

Gunshot residue

GVPs

Genetically variant peptides

HBVs

Haemoglobin variants

HLB

Hydrophilic–lipophilic balanced

HME

Home-made explosives

HMTD

Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine

HMX

High melting explosive (or octogen)

HPLC

High performance liquid chromatography

HRAM

High-resolution accurate mass

HR-MC-ICPMS

High-resolution multi-collector ICPMS

HRMS

High resolution mass spectrometry

IAEA

International Atomic Energy Agency

ICC

International Criminal Court

IC–MS

Ion chromatography–mass spectrometry

ICPMS

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

ICP–MS

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry

IEDs

Improvised explosive devices

IMS

Ion mobility spectrometry

IP

Ionisation potential

IRMS

Isotopic ratio mass spectrometry

IRMS

Isotope ratio mass spectrometry

is-CID

In-source collision induced dissociation spectra

KPCS

Kimberley Process and Certification Scheme

LA

Laser ablation

LA–ICP–MS

Laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry

LC–MS

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

LC–MS/MS

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry

LDA

Linear discriminant analysis

LDI

Laser desorption ionisation

LLE

Liquid–liquid extraction

LOQ

Limits of quantitation

LOQ

Limit of quantitation

m/z

Mass-to-charge ratio

Ma

Million years

MA

Methamphetamine

MALDI

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation

MBTFA

N-Methyl-bis(trifluoroacetamide)

MCX

Strong cation exchangers

MDMA

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine

MetA-SIMS

Metal-assisted SIMS

MHN

Mannitol hexanitrate

MKEP

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide

MOD

Ministry of Defence

MP

Microplastic

MRM

Multiple reaction monitoring

mRNA

Messenger ribonucleic acid

MS

Mass spectrometry

MSI

Mass spectrometry imaging

MSP

Mass spectrometry profiling

MVA

Multivariate analysis

MW

Molecular weight

NCPs

Non-collagenous proteins

NG

Nitroglycerine

ng

Nanogram

NIST

National Institute of Standards and Technology

NM

Nitromethane

NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NPS

National Police Service

NPS

Novel psychoactive substances

NSAF

National Stolen Art File

nsSNPs

Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms

PCA

Principal component analysis

PDMS

Plasma desorption mass spectrometry

PE

Population equivalent

PEG

Poly-ethylene glycol

PETG

Polyethylene terephthalate glycol

PETN

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate

PFAS

Perfluorinated or polyfluorinated alkyl substances

PFCA

Perfluoroalkyl carboxylate, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid

PFDS

Perfluorodecane sulphonate

PFECSH

Perfluoroethylcyclohexane sulphonate

PFOA

Perfluorooctanoic acid

PFOS

Parent sulphonic acid

pg

Picrogram

PIXE

Particle induced X-ray emission

PLA

Poly-lactic acid

PLS-DA

Partial least squares-discriminant analysis

PMF

Peptide mass fingerprint

PMI

Post mortem interval

PNL

Normalised daily load

POCIS

Polar organic chemical integrative samplers

POPs

Persistent organic pollutants

ppm

Parts-per-million

PRM

Parallel reaction monitoring

PS

Powder suspensions

PTMs

Post-translational modifications

Py–GC–MS

Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

qPCR

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction

QQQ

Triple quadrupole

RDX

Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine

rf

Radiofrequency

Rs

Uptake rate

RT

Retention time

SALDI

Surface assisted laser desorption ionisation

SAPCI

Secondary atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

SAPs

Single amino acid polymorphisms

SCORE

Sewage Analysis Core Group

SCRAs

Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists

SEM-EDS

Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry

SEM-EDX

Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray

SESI

Secondary electrospray ionization

SHU

Sheffield Hallam University

SIL-IS

Stable isotope-labelled internal standards

SIMS

Secondary ion mass spectrometry

SOPs

Standard operating procedures

SPE

Solid-phase extraction

SPME

Solid-phase micro-extraction

SRM

Selected reaction monitoring

SWATH-MS

Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra

SWGDRUG

Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs

TATP

Triacetone triperoxide

TD-IMS

Thermal desorption ion mobility spectrometry

TFA

Trifluoroacetamide

THC

Tetrahydrocannabinol

THC-COOH

11-Nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

TLC

Thin layer chromatography

TMS

Trimethylsilyl

TNT

Trinitrotoluene

TOF

Time-of-flight

ToF-SIMS

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

TRL

Technology readiness level

TSD

Time since deposition

UKAS

United Kingdom Accreditation Service

UKIAFT

United Kingdom and Ireland Association of Forensic Toxicologists

UPLC

Ultra-pressure liquid chromatography

UPS

Uninterrupted power supply

USE

Universal Spectrum Explorer

UV

Ultraviolet

VAMAS

Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards

VDFS

Virginia Department of Forensic Science

VMD

Vacuum metal deposition

WBE

Wastewater-based epidemiology

WHO

World Health Organisation

WWTP

Wastewater treatment plant

WYP

West Yorkshire Police

XRF

X-Ray fluorescence

YHRSSS

Yorkshire and Humber Regional Scientific Support Services

ZooMS

Zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry

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