Microwave Assisted Nanocomposite Loaded Cinnarizine for Improving Absorption in Gastrointestinal Tract

Cinnarizine belongs to the Class II of Biopharmaceutical classification system, and its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract can be limited by various factors, with the most significant contributors being poor aqueous solubility and membrane permeability of the drug molecule, which further affects the oral bioavaibility. Bio nanocomposite is the process of complex formation between drug and polymers/excipients where microwave energy plays a significant role in reducing the particle size of materials. It breaks intermolecular bonding, which further reduces the particle size, enhanced the effective surface area, solubility, and bioavailability. In the present study, an attempt has been made to formulate and characterize the Cinnarizine loaded Bio-nanocomposites consisting of Xanthan and Guar gum for enhanced solubility of Cinnarizine and percentage drug release from nanocomposite that is satisfactory and bioavailability also comparable to better than other marketed formulations of Cinnarizine. The microwave assisted Cinnarizine loaded Xanthan gum-based nanocomposite formulation was shown a higher percentage of yield (80.80±0.8%), higher solubility (0.830±0.008), nano ranged hydrodynamic diameter (169.36 nm with Polydispersity Index 23.6%), zeta potential (34.4 mv). The transmission electron microscopy study of nanocomposite formulation showed crystal shape of Cinnarizine was completely changed in nanocomposite, showing embedded Cinnarizine crystals in the matrix. This In vitro study concluded that the preparation method of bio-nano composite was simple, reproducible, and provides good solubility in alkaline medium and drug content. Thus, Xanthan gum can be considered as an effective carrier for the crystallization of the drug, possessing suitable microstructural properties to prevent recrystallization of the drug.