Chapter 5: Field-effect Transistor Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials for Zoonotic Pathogen Detection

Zoonotic pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi, are widely recognized as the primary causative agents of zoonotic diseases. Consequently, the possible consequences of widespread threats to human and animal health pose a risk to livestock productivity, which in turn has the potential to destabilize global food security and economic stability. Indeed, the incidence of zoonotic infections is on the rise due to various factors such as the possible growth of universal travel and trade movement, interconnections among animal and livestock systems, and environmental changes. These effects have facilitated researchers in the development of accurate and robust biosensors to enhance the biological detection of various infections. Notably, nanomaterial-based field effect transistors have shown their potential as point-of-care diagnostic tools owing to the high surface-to-volume ratio of nanomaterials and the sensitivity of FET-based biosensors. This book chapter will mostly examine research results on the advancement of zoonotic pathogen identification using field-effect transistor (FET) nanomaterials.