Chapter 2: Male Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Associated with Exposure to Engineered Nanoparticles

Engineered nanomaterials are commonly used in industrial processing such as in the food and healthcare industry, manufacturing of solar/fuel cells, the textile industry, cosmetics, ultraviolet (UV) absorbents, oxygen sensors, metallurgical uses, glass, ceramics, etc., resulting in a significant increase in the number of male workers exposed to nanoparticles. Various studies have explored the biodistribution and bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in vivo and their toxic effects at a molecular level and in reproductive function. However, their effect on male reproductive health and effects on spermatozoa production remain poorly understood. The purpose of this chapter is to link contact with nanoparticles and their detrimental effects on male reproductive functions to prevent unperceived health risks.