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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant global impact, affecting societies and economies worldwide. As the virus continues to spread rapidly, the need for rapid and accurate detection has become crucial. This necessity highlights the importance of diagnostic methods that are rapid, efficient, cost-effective, and universally available. This chapter initially provides a brief overview of the structure, mode of infection, and potential biomarkers of COVID-19. Current diagnostics for COVID-19 are elaborated, focusing on their principles, materials used, cost, and technical limitations. Next, we explore strategies to overcome the limitations of present diagnostic approaches. Finally, we discuss potential low-cost diagnostics for COVID-19, focusing on their principles of detection, sensing schemes, materials used, and limits of detection.

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