Chapter 7: Metal Phosphide-based Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production

The quest for sustainable and renewable energy sources has led to growing interest in the development of efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen (H₂) production through water splitting. In recent years, transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as promising candidates for photocatalytic applications due to their unique electronic structure and superior catalytic properties. TMPs offer several advantages, including their Earth abundance, cost-effectiveness, and excellent catalytic activity, making them attractive for sustainable H₂ generation. TMPs have recently gained attention as potential replacements for noble metal-based cocatalysts in the photocatalytic H₂ generation process. In addition, various types of TMPs have been explored for this purpose, highlighting the structural and electronic properties that enhance their photocatalytic efficiency. The use and mechanism of the common TMPs, such as nickel phosphides (NiP), iron phosphides (FeP), cobalt phosphides (CoP), copper phosphides (CuP), and other phosphides based on Mo, W, Ni, and Fe, in photocatalytic H₂ production are described. The chapter provides a concise overview of recent developments in the field, aiming to shed light on the potential of TMPs in addressing the global challenge of sustainable H₂ production, and ultimately contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable energy future.