Interest in the interactions of nanoparticles with biological cells continues to grow, progressively covering more fields of science such as biomedicine, optoelectronics, ecology, and many others. There are two primary methods that are utilized to combine nanoparticles with biological cells. The first one is delivering nanoparticles inside of cells in order to create new therapeutic agents for targeted drug and gene delivery, efficient systems for high-resolution imaging, or to study intracellular processes.

Another approach is modification of the cell surface with nanomaterials to obtain “hybrid systems” for bioelectronic applications or to provide living cells with a new phenotype depending on...