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Diseases affecting the retina and the optic nerve are the major causes of irreversible blindness in the elderly population. Succesful therapy of these pathologies requires frequent administration of the active molecule close to the retinal target site. Intraocular drug delivery systems (IDDS) are emerging therapeutic tools in the treatment of diseases affecting the posterior segment, as they are able to provide effective concentrations of the drug for a long period, thus avoiding successive injections. Depending on their size, IDDS are classified in implants, microsystems and nanosystems. This chapter covers a general description of the IDDS useful for the treatment of diseases affecting retinal structures.

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