Paramagnetism in Experimental Biomolecular NMR
Chapter 10: Small Paramagnetic Co-solute Molecules
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Published:03 Aug 2018
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Special Collection: 2018 ebook collectionSeries: New Developments in NMR
Tobias Madl, Frans A. A. Mulder, 2018. "Small Paramagnetic Co-solute Molecules", Paramagnetism in Experimental Biomolecular NMR, Claudio Luchinat, Giacomo Parigi, Enrico Ravera
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Small co-solute molecules containing unpaired electrons can impart strong perturbations on nuclear shielding and nuclear relaxation of dissolved compounds, and thereby form a potent class of non-covalent probes for molecular science. These paramagnetic co-solutes range from exquisite lanthanoid and transition metal complexes to a molecule as simple as dioxygen. In this chapter, we discuss the various effects that can be observed due to paramagnetic co-solutes, and we highlight how these effects have spurred the buildout of their application to protein science. For example, dioxygen is a very sensitive probe able to identify internal cavities in proteins, whereas neutral gadolinium chelates have become key in the structure determination of protein complexes in solution.