Humanity has always relied on fuels for energy generation. At the beginning of civilization, wood allowed our ancestors to eat cooked food and avoid freezing. Many centuries later, in about 1780, the “star fuel” became coal, as it was responsible for powering the steam machines that characterized the Industrial Revolution. A century later, a new fuel appeared in the energy scenario when the first oil well was drilled, changing forever the energy paradigm when paired with the new-born automotive industry. More recently, after effective pipelines began to be built in the twentieth century, the use of natural gas started to be implemented regularly in homes for heating and cooking. Today, one thing is certain: the energy scenario is ruled by fossil fuels – coal, oil and natural gas.