CHAPTER 2: Carbon Nanotubes Chemically-modified Screen-printed Electrodes Electrochemical Platforms for Biomedical Applications

Due to their explicit properties, screen-printed electrode (SPE) based technologies are superior to other conventional electro-analytical methods. SPE technology can be extended to a miniaturized system, which requires only a few microlitres of the test sample. The surface of SPEs is feasible for a variety of modifications and it eliminates the possibility of tedious cleaning, which is needed for traditional electrodes. Similarly, carbon nanotubes (CNT), one of the more advanced carbon nanomaterials, have a unique graphitic tubular structure with excellent electronic properties. In this chapter, we will focus on CNTs chemically modified SPEs for biochemical sensing applications. We have sub-divided the articles under the following headings: (i) direct surface modification of CNT on SPE, (ii) functionalized CNTs modified SPE, (iii) electroactive species immobilized CNTs modified SPE, (iv) bulk modified SPE, (v) enzyme-immobilized CNT modified SPE, (vi) flow injection analysis of CNT-modified SPE and (vii) separation technique coupled electroanalysis using CNT based SPEs. Details of the preparation, characterization and electrochemical sensor for biomedical applications are included along with 160 references.