CHAPTER 2: Chemical Modulators for Enzymatic Reactions
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Published:22 May 2015
J. Xu, G. Zheng, and X. Luo, in Chemical Biotechnology and Bioengineering, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015, pp. 11-52.
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Biocatalysis or biotransformation is an emerging area in the pharmaceutical and fine chemicals industries. Many enzymes have been discovered and employed for the preparation of chiral building blocks in industrial-scale transformations, including hydrolases and oxidoreductases. A small number of chemical additives or modulators, such as organic cosolvents, hydrophobic solvents, ionic liquids, or even modifiers/carriers for enzymes, can be found and applied to improve the performance of biocatalysts in enzymatic synthesis. This methodology is very simple and practical, and is a typical example of “chemical biotechnology”.