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α

Alpha

β

Beta

γ

Gamma

μ

Micro

μm

Micrometre

%

Percent

AFC

Alkaline fuel cell

AGR

Advanced gas-cooled reactor

BBC

British Broadcasting Corporation

°C

Degrees centigrade

CANDU

Canadian Deuterium Uranium (reactor)

CFC

Chlorofluorocarbon

CH4

Methane

cm

Centimetre

CO

Carbon monoxide

CO2

Carbon dioxide

COP

Conference of the parties

CPU

Computer processing unit

CVD

Chemical vapour deposition

DAC

Diamond anvil cell

DLEC

Direct lithium extraction crystallisation

EUV

Extreme ultra-violet radiation

EV

Electric vehicle

eV

Electron volt—the electron volt is a unit of energy corresponding to the work done on an electron in moving it through a potential difference of 1 V. 1 eV = 1.602 × 10−19 J.

g

Gram

GISTM

Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management

GPa

Giga pascal

GPU

Graphical processing unit

GW

Gigawatt

GW h

Gigawatt hour

HFC

Hydrofluorocarbon

HTR

High-temperature reactor

ICMM

International Council on Mining and Metals

IEA

International Energy Agency

IPCC

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IRA

Inflation Reduction Act

ISA

International Seabed Authority

J

Joule—A measure of work and energy equal to the work done when the application of a force of one newton moves one metre in the direction of the force from the point of application. 1 J = 107 ergs or 0.2388 calories.

K

Kelvin

kg

Kilogram

kW

Kilowatt

kW h

Kilowatt hour

kW h d−1

Kilowatt hour per day

LED

Light-emitting diode

m

Metre

MCFC

Molten carbonate fuel cell

Metric tonne

A mass of 1000 kg

MOCVD

Metal–organic chemical vapour deposition

MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging

MW

Megawatt

MW h

Megawatt hour

NCA

Lithium–nickel–cobalt–aluminium oxide

NCM

Lithium–nickel–cobalt–manganese oxide

nm

Nanometre

N2O

Nitrous oxide

Pa

Pascal

PAFC

Phosphoric acid fuel cell

PEMFC

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

ppm

Parts per million

ppb

Parts per billion

PWR

Pressurised water reactor

RAAC

Reinforced autoclaved aerated circuit

S

Siemens

SAF

Sustainable aircraft fuel

SMR

Small modular reactor

SOFC

Solid oxide fuel cell

T

Temperature

TMG

Trimethyl gallium

ton

A mass of 907.2 kg or 2000 pounds

TW

Terawatt

TW h

Terawatt hour

UNCLOS

UN Convention on the Law of the Sea

UNEP

United Nations Environment Programme

W

Watt

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