This chapter gives a brief account of some of the ethical issues that arise in the field of biomaterials science. These include the use of animal experiments, research on human subjects and research ethics. The latter extends to consider some of the current issues with dissemination of research results, including scientific fraud and the problems that arise from the massive increase in numbers of journals operating by open-access publishing. Finally, the work of regulatory bodies in balancing the needs for patient safety with scope for innovation is considered. The chapter concludes that awareness of ethical issues is crucial for researchers in the field of biomaterials science.