Table 1.6

Designation of carotenoid end groups. Adapted from ref. 81 

PrefixTypeFormula
ψ Acyclic C9H15 
β, ε Cyclohexene C9H15 
γ Methylenecyclohexane C9H15 
κ Cyclopentane C9H17 
φ, χ Aryl C9H11 
PrefixTypeFormula
ψ Acyclic C9H15 
β, ε Cyclohexene C9H15 
γ Methylenecyclohexane C9H15 
κ Cyclopentane C9H17 
φ, χ Aryl C9H11 
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