Table 6

Fuel properties of waste‐derived pyrolysis oils

PropertyPolyethylene oil56 Polystyrene oil56 Mixed plastic polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon oil56 Polyester styrene copolymer oil57 Tyre oil17 MSW oil1 
Flash point (°C) 33.6 26.1 26.0 26.0 24 56 
Pour point (°C) 2.7 −67 −5 ‐ ‐ ‐ 
Density (kg m−1) 0.86 0.96 0.80 0.83 0.91 1.3 
Viscosity cSt (at 50°C) 2.19 1.4 1.49 3.9a 3.50a ‐ 
Carbon (wt%) ‐ ‐ ‐ 86.1 87.0 57.5 
Hydrogen (wt%) ‐ ‐ ‐ 7.2 10.0 7.6 
Nitrogen (wt%) ‐ ‐ ‐ 0.4 0.4 0.9 
Sulphur (wt%) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0 1.5 0.1–0.3 
Initial b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 75 80 ‐ 
10% b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 93 140 ‐ 
50% b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 189 230 ‐ 
90% b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 354 340 ‐ 
Calorific value (MJkg−1) 52.3 50.4 46.3 33.6 42.0 24.4 
PropertyPolyethylene oil56 Polystyrene oil56 Mixed plastic polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon oil56 Polyester styrene copolymer oil57 Tyre oil17 MSW oil1 
Flash point (°C) 33.6 26.1 26.0 26.0 24 56 
Pour point (°C) 2.7 −67 −5 ‐ ‐ ‐ 
Density (kg m−1) 0.86 0.96 0.80 0.83 0.91 1.3 
Viscosity cSt (at 50°C) 2.19 1.4 1.49 3.9a 3.50a ‐ 
Carbon (wt%) ‐ ‐ ‐ 86.1 87.0 57.5 
Hydrogen (wt%) ‐ ‐ ‐ 7.2 10.0 7.6 
Nitrogen (wt%) ‐ ‐ ‐ 0.4 0.4 0.9 
Sulphur (wt%) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0 1.5 0.1–0.3 
Initial b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 75 80 ‐ 
10% b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 93 140 ‐ 
50% b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 189 230 ‐ 
90% b.pt. (°C) ‐ ‐ ‐ 354 340 ‐ 
Calorific value (MJkg−1) 52.3 50.4 46.3 33.6 42.0 24.4 
a

Viscosity measured at 40°C.

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