Table 1.1

Average frequency of occurrence of each code across the eleven problems

Code Average occurrence
Terminology  
Specific terminology (i.e., name of substance)  4.25/11 
General terminology (i.e., name of functional group)  3.7/11 
Explicit features  
Atoms (explicit)  9.8/11 
Bonds (explicit)  4.9/11 
Lone pair dots (explicit)  3.6/11 
Charge (explicit)  4.6/11 
Implicit features  
Atoms (implicit)  4.3/11 
Bonds (implicit)  2.5/11 
Electrons (implicit)  3.9/11 
Charge (implicit)  3.5/11 
Functional group  2.6/11 
Octet rule  0.7/11 
Nucleophile  1.8/11 
Reasoninga  
Sequence without explanation  2.8/11 
Forward Chaining  5.6/11 
Backward Chaining  3.4/11 
   
Success  1.7/3 
Code Average occurrence
Terminology  
Specific terminology (i.e., name of substance)  4.25/11 
General terminology (i.e., name of functional group)  3.7/11 
Explicit features  
Atoms (explicit)  9.8/11 
Bonds (explicit)  4.9/11 
Lone pair dots (explicit)  3.6/11 
Charge (explicit)  4.6/11 
Implicit features  
Atoms (implicit)  4.3/11 
Bonds (implicit)  2.5/11 
Electrons (implicit)  3.9/11 
Charge (implicit)  3.5/11 
Functional group  2.6/11 
Octet rule  0.7/11 
Nucleophile  1.8/11 
Reasoninga  
Sequence without explanation  2.8/11 
Forward Chaining  5.6/11 
Backward Chaining  3.4/11 
   
Success  1.7/3 
a

These add to more than 11 because students could use both backward and forward chaining in the same problem.

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